Qunut
A Question on Qunut in Fajr
Question:
As’salaam Alaikum. Are there any Authentic Hadith from the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) regarding reciting Qunut in salat al-fajr? if so, can you please provide us with the daleel’s. May Allah accept it from you.. aamin!!:)
Country: Maldives
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
This issue has been discussed in the following writings:
http://www.shafiifiqh.com/the-shafii-ruling-as-well-as-proofs-for-qunut-in-salat-ul-fajr/
http://www.shafiifiqh.com/does-one-recite-the-qunut-aloud-in-salah/
http://www.shafiifiqh.com/raising-the-hands-in-qunut-what-is-the-proof/
And Allah knows best.
Shafiifiqh.com Fatwa Dept.
Read MoreA Question on Qunut in Witr and Prayers on the Prophet
Question:
Do you recite Duaa Qunoot in every Witr, no matter the time of year? And also…after recitation of Qunoot, is reciting Salawaat upon Rasulullah sallallahu ailahyi wa aalihi wasallam permissible?
Country: United States
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
The relied-upon view in the Shafi’i School is that qunut is recited in witr only during the second half of Ramadan. (Rawdat al-Talibin 1/358) There is a differing opinion found in the School, relied by four of the senior Ashab, and the preferred view of Imam Nawawi. Please see here: http://www.shafiifiqh.com/is-qunut-made-in-witr-throughout-the-year-or-only-in-the-last-half-of-ramadan/.
Is Qunut Made in Witr Throughout the Year or only in the Last Half of Ramadan?
Question:
As salamu alaykum,
I wanted to know if we can recite the Qunut in witr salah everyday. If no then why is it recited only after the 15th of Ramadan for the last 15 days?
Answer:
Wa alaykum al-salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
In the Name of Allah the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. And, prayers and salutations are on our master Muhammad, on his people, and all his companions.
The Shafi’is opine that qunut in witr is disliked, except for during the second-half of Ramadan. Imam Nawawi mentioned that the disliked-nature of qunut in other than the second-half is apparent from Imam Shafi’is discussion. (Rawdat al-Talibin 1/330)
Is Qunut in Fajr Obligatory? What about behind a Hanafi Imam?
Shafiifiqh.com has received many questions pertaining to the rulings of Qunut in Salatul-Fajr (the dawn prayer). In this question and answer fatwa with Shaykh Taha Karaan, he answers the following questions:
1) Is the Salah valid if one does not make qunut – in other words what is the mu’tamad hukm on the qunut?
2) Should the one making Salah make sajdatus sahu if he does not perform qunut?
3) What does one do behind a Hanafi Imam?
May Allah almighty bless Shaykh Taha for his time and efforts amin!
Question:
Is the Salah valid if one does not make qunut – in other words what is the mu’tamad hukm on the qunut?
Answer:
The qunut is regarded as a sunnah of the ab’ad type. What this means is that omitting it would not invalidate the salah, but its omission would be compensated for by making the sajdat al-sahw (the prostration of forgetfulness).
Question:
Should they make sajdatus sahu (the prostration of forgetfulness) if not performed.
Answer:
The general rule would be to make sajdat al-sawh on account of the omission of the qunut.
However, when following an imam who does not make the qunut (a Hanafi imam, for example), two questions arise:
- Firstly, should one read the qunut on your own behind the imam?
- Secondly, would sajdat al-sahw have to be made independently after the imam’s salam?
Should one read the qunut on your own behind the imam?
The position of our madhhab is that one may make the qunut on your own provided you are able to join the imam in his first sajdah. If reading the qunut would delay you to the point where you would only join the imam after he has completed his first sajdah, the qunut should be left out and one should rather join the imam. (Mughni al-Muhtaj 1:362)
When considering whether one would or would not manage to catch up with the imam in his first sajdah, it should not be imagined that the entire qunut has to be read, from Allahumma hdina fi man hadayt … up to the salawat. The rule about the qunut is that any du’a would suffice as qunut, even if it is as brief as Allahumma ghfir li (Oh Allah forgive me). Even a verse from the Qur’an containing du’a would suffice. (Tuhfat al-Muhtaj 2:65) Needless to say, a qunut as brief as this would definitely allow one to join the imam in his first sajdah.
Would sajdat al-sahw have to be made?
On this point the opinions of our fuqaha differ. The mu’tamad (relied upon) position of the madhhab is that whether one has managed to make a qunut on one’s own or not, sajdat al-sahw would still have to be made after the imam makes salam. (Mughni al-Muhtaj 1:362)
Opposed to the above mu’tamad position there are two alternative positions in the madhhab:
- Ibn al-Muqri’ would appear to hold the view that where one has actually managed to make a qunut independently behind the imam, sajdat al-sahw need not be made. (Mughni al-Muhtaj 1:362)
- Al-Qaffal al-Marwazi, al-Isnawi and al-Suyuti take the position that sajdat al-sahw does not need to be made at all on account of the omission of qunut behind a Hanafi imam, for example. (al-Ashbah wa l-Naza’ir p. 437) According to this view, a Shafi’i praying behind a Hanafi imam will omit the qunut along with the imam and will not make sajdat al-sahw when the imam makes salam.
Although these two views are not the mu’tamad positions of the madhhab, it would be perfectly valid, and even encouraged, for individuals to practice upon them.
And Allah Knows Best
Answered by Shaykh Taha Karaan
Dar Al-Ulum Al-Arabiyyah wal-Islamiyyah
Read MoreRaising the Hands in Qunut; What is the proof?
Question:
Does one raise their hands for Qunut in Fajr and Witr? What is the proof for it if so?
Answer:
الحمد لله رب العالمين ، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين، وبالله التوفيق
Imam An-Nawawi states in his Kitab At-Tahqiq,
يندب رفع يديه دون مسح وجهه في الأصح
“ِAnd it is recommended to raise one’s hands [in qunut] without wiping one’s face according to what is most correct.”
Ibn Naqib Al-Masri states in his ‘Umdat As-Salik (Reliance of the Traveller),
“While performing the dawn prayer it is Sunna to lift one’s hands and supplicate after straightening up from bowing in the second raka’ah. [...] one does not stroke the face or chest with one’s hands after the supplication.”1
Before continuing to the actual question of raising the hands, we should clarify that it is the Sunnah of the Nabi (‘alayhis salam) to wipe his face after du’aa, however Imam An-Nawawi states that one is only to do it outside of Salah and not within it, as there is no evidence to conclude that the Prophet Muhammad (‘alayhis salam) wiped his face within Salah. There is, however, a weaker view in our school that it is to be done. Such was held by Al-Qadi Abu Tayyib, Shaykh Abu Muhammad Al-Juwayni, Ibn As-Sabbagh, Al-Mutawalli, Shaykh Nasr in his Kitab, and the author of Al-Bayan.2 However, according to Imams An-Nawawi, Ar-Rafi’i and Al-Bayhaqi as well as others, it is not Sunnah and is disliked to do so within Salah – though outside of Salah is Sunnah. This topic was researched in depth in another article on Shafiifiqh.com titled, “Wiping the face after making du’aa”. Imam Al-Bayhaqi said in his Sunan Al-Kubra:
فأما مسح اليدين بالوجه عند الفراغ من الدعاء فلست أحفظه عن أحد من السلف في دعاء القنوت وإن كان يروي بعضهم في الدعاء خارج الصلاة
“As for wiping the face with the hands and the end of one’s du’aa, then this is not preserved from anyone from amongst the salaf (righteous predecessors) in the Du’aa of the Qunut, and it is reported from some of them with regards to du’aa outside of Salah.”3
- page 147-148, Reliance of the Traveler, trans. Shaykh Nuh Ha Mim Keller [↩]
- Al-Majmu’ Vol 3 pg 480 [↩]
- See Sunan Al-Kubra, 2968 [↩]
Does one recite the Qunut aloud in Salah?
Question: Does one recite Qunut aloud in Salah? What is the proof for doing so if it is done?
Answer:
الحمد لله رب العالمين ، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين، وبالله التوفيق
According to the established verdict of the Madhdhab of Imam Ash-Shafi’i the Qunut is to be recited aloud. Imam An-Nawawi said,
والأصح ندب الجهر به الامام , الصبح وغيرها
“And the most correct [view] is that it is recommended for the Imam to say [the qunut] aloud, in the morning prayer and other than it.”1
The proofs for this view are found within the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (radiya Allahu ‘anhu) in which he said ‘Whenever the Nabi Muhammad wanted to make du’aa for someone or against someone he would make qunut after Ruku’ [...he then narrates the Du'aa...], and he would do this loudly (يجهر بذلك). And he would say in some of his Salahs “Oh Allah curse so and so” until Allah revealed:
لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ
“Not for thee, (but for Allah), is the decision: Whether He turn in mercy to them, or punish them; for they are indeed wrong-doers.” [3:128]
This hadith is reported by Imam Ahmad in his Musnad 71532 and Sahih Al-Bukhari 45603 , as well as Imam Al-Bayhaqi in his Sunan 2905. See also Talkhis Al-Habir of Hafith Ibn Hajr Al-’Asqalani page 713, Adwa’ us-Salaf published, to see his utilization of this hadith as well.
Some have misunderstood this hadith by saying that this narration (and the many others like it in Sahih Al-Bukhari) indicate that the qunut was altogether abrogated by this verse, and thus the Nabi Muhammad abandoned it after the revelation of this verse. This is an incorrect notion, as the verse only stopped the Prophet Muhammad from cursing certain tribes, and did not stop the Qunut of Fajr. See the article “The Shafi’i Ruling as Well as the Proofs for Qunut in Fajr” for further elaboration.
There is also proof in the many narrations where the Sahabah narrating the incident said that they “heard the Messenger of Allah” saying [...]. What is apparent from the many narrations that say such is that he (‘alayhis salam) would say it aloud, or else the narrators would not have been able to “hear” him.
There are also reports that the rightly guided Caliphs recited it aloud as well:
Through another chain from Abu Raf’i who said,
عن أبي رافع قال صليت خلف عمر بن الخطاب رضى الله تعالى عنه فقنت بعد الركوع ورفع يديه وجهر بالدعاء
“From Abu Rafi’ who said, I prayed behind Umar ibn Al-Khattab and he made Qunut after his Ruku’, he raised his hands, and he said the Du’aa aloud.”4
This is also narrated authentically from Abu ‘Uthman An-Nahdi in the Sunan of Imam Al-Bayhaqi. All of this proves that the Rasulullah and His companions said the Qunut aloud.
And Allah Knows Best!
Shafiifiqh.com Fatwa Dept.
- Kitab At-Tahqiq, page 221, Dar Al-Jil Beirut [↩]
- http://hadith.al-islam.com/Display/Display.asp?hnum=7153&doc=6&IMAGE=%DA%D1%D6+%C7%E1%CD%CF%ED%CB [↩]
- electronic version 4194 [↩]
- Sunan Al-Bayhaqi 2968 [↩]
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