Adhkar Related to Salah
A Question on Qunut in Witr and Prayers on the Prophet
Question:
Do you recite Duaa Qunoot in every Witr, no matter the time of year? And also…after recitation of Qunoot, is reciting Salawaat upon Rasulullah sallallahu ailahyi wa aalihi wasallam permissible?
Country: United States
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
The relied-upon view in the Shafi’i School is that qunut is recited in witr only during the second half of Ramadan. (Rawdat al-Talibin 1/358) There is a differing opinion found in the School, relied by four of the senior Ashab, and the preferred view of Imam Nawawi. Please see here: http://www.shafiifiqh.com/is-qunut-made-in-witr-throughout-the-year-or-only-in-the-last-half-of-ramadan/.
The Addition "Wa Bi Hamdi Hi" in Ruku’ and Sujud
Question:
What is the formula of tasbeeh in ruku and sujood according to the Shafi Madhab? Some say it is “Subhana rabbiyal azeem/a’la wabihamdihi.” While some says the addition of the word “wabihamdihi” is not saheeh.
Country: India
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
In his Tahqiq, Imam Nawawi maintains that the addition of bi hamdi Hi is recommended. This addition is also affirmed by Minhajs’ commentators: Ibn Hajar and Khatib Shirbini. (Mughni al-Muhtaj v. 1, p. 366; Tuhfat al-Muhtaj v. 2, p. 61)
The Supplication after Adhan
Question:
Regarding the dua after Azan, is it as mentioned: “Allahumma Rabba hathihid-Daawatit tammah, wassalatil Qaimah ati Muhammadan alwaseelata wal fadeelah, (Wa darjathahu warrafeeha) wa ib’ath-hu maqaman mahmoodan allathee wa’adtah, (Warzukna shafa’thahu yumul qiyamah) innaka laa tukhliful-me’aad.”
Country: India
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
Imam Bukhari (Rady Allahu anhu) related on the authority of Jabir (Rady Allahu anhu) that the Prophet Muhammad said whoever recites the following supplication after the Adhan shall get intercession on the Day of Judgment. The supplication is:
اللهم رب هذه الدعوة التامة والصلاة القائمة آت محمدا الوسيلة والفضيلة وابعثه مقاما محمودا الذي وعدته
“O Allah! Lord of this complete call and established prayer give Muhammad the position and distinction, and give him the praised station that you have promised. Allahumma hadhihi al-da’wat al-taammah wa al-salaat al-qaa’imah ati Muhammadan al-waseelata wa al-fadeelata waba’th hu maqaaman mahmudan alladhee wa’adta.” (Sahih al-Bukhari 1/160)
It is best to stick to the above wording because it is transmitted this way by the majority of hadith scholars; furthermore, it is well-authenticated, being included in Imam Bukhari’s Sahih.
Note: Ibn al-Athir mentioned that the word “al-Wasilah” has different possible meanings. One being nearness to Allah; thus we have translated it as position because the Prophet Muhammad is Allah’s most beloved; accordingly his position will be the nearest to Allah. As well, Ibn al-Athir mentioned one possible meaning to be a specific station in Paradise. Thus, the word position could refer to the Prophet Muhammad’s station in Paradise. The meaning of intercession on the Day of Judgment has also been mentioned.
And Allah knows best.
Shafiifiqh.com Fatwa Dept
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A Question on Dua in Sujud
Question:
As salam alaykum,
Is it permissible to ask for hajah (needs) in prostration of wajib (obligatory) salaah. What dhikrs are permissible in prostration?
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
Supplication in prostration is permissible, in fact recommended; this is for one praying alone and for the one leading the prayer when the people following him are pleased with a lengthy supplication. Imam Shafi’i (Allah have mercy with him) said, “One should supplicate as much as possible hoping that it will be answered. This is based on what Abu Hurayrah (Rady Allahu ‘anhu) related that the Prophet Muhammad said, ‘The servant is nearest to his Lord when he is in prostration, you should therefore supplicate much.’” (Narrated by Imam Muslim vol. 4, pg. 200, #482)
And it is established that he (SallAllahu alayhie wa sallam) would say in his prostration,
اللهم اغفر لي ذنبي كله دقه وجله وأوله وآخره وعلانيته وسره اللهم إني أعوذ برضاك من سخطك وبعفوك من عقوبتك وأعوذ بك منك لا أحصي ثناء عليك كما أثنيتَ على نفسك
“O Allah! Forgive me for all my sins small and great, the first and the last, open and secret; O Allah! I seek protection in Your pleasure from Your wrath, and in Your pardon from Your chastisement; and I seek protection in You from You; I cannot praise You as You praise Yourself.” (Narrated by Imam Muslim vol. 4, pg. 201, #483)
When prostrating it is recommended to say thrice:
سبحان ربي الأعلى
Subhana Rabiyyal ‘Ala
‘Glorified beyond all blemish is my Lord the Most High.’
This is based on what ‘Abd Allah b. Mas’ud (Rady Allahu ‘anhu) related that the Prophet Muhammad said, “When one of you prostrates, he should say, ‘Glorified beyond all blemish is my Lord the Most High,’ three times; thus he will have completed his prostration, and that is the least number.” (Narrated by Imam Abu Dawud vol. 1, pg. 204 and Imam Tirmidhi vol. 2, pg. 118)
It is disliked to recite Qur’an in prostration or when bowing. This is based on what Ibn ‘Abbas (Rady Allahu ‘anhuma) related that the Prophet Muhammad said,
إني نهيت أن أقرأ راكعا وساجدا أما الركوع فعظموا فيه الرب عز وجل وأما السجود فأكثروا فيه من الدعاء فقمن أن يستجاب لكم
“I have been prohibited to recite Qur’an while bowing or prostrating. When bowing, you should glorify the Lord Glorified and Majestic. And regarding prostration, make much supplication; then it deserves that He answers you.” (Narrated by Imam Muslim vol. 4, pg. 196, #479)
And Allah the Exalted knows best.
Ml. Abdul Hakeem Ibn Yaqub
الدعاء في السجود جائز بل مستحب وهذا للمنفرد وللإمام محصورين راضين بتطويل الدعاء، قال الشافعي رحمه الله: ويجتهد في الدعاء رجاء الإجابة لما روى أبو هريرة رضى الله عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: أقرب ما يكون العبد من ربه عز وجل وهو ساجد فأكثروا الدعاء. رواه مسلم (ج 4، ص 200، رقم 482).
وثبت أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقول في سجوده: اللهم اغفر لي ذنبي كله دقه وجله وأوله وآخره وعلانيته وسره اللهم إني أعوذ برضاك من سخطك وبعفوك من عقوبتك وأعوذ بك منك لا أحصي ثناء عليك كما أثنيتَ على نفسك. رواه مسلم (ج 4، ص 201، رقم 483).
ويستحب للمصلي أن يقول في السجود: سبحان ربي الأعلى، ثلاثا لما روى عبد الله بن مسعود رضى الله عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إذا سجد أحدكم فقال في سجوده: سبحان ربي الأعلى ثلاثا فقد تم سجوده وذلك أدناه. رواه أبو داود (ج 1، ص 204) والترمذي (ج 2، ص 118).
ويكره أن يقرأ في السجود والركوع لما روى ابن عباس رضى الله عنهما أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إني نهيت أن أقرأ راكعا وساجدا أما الركوع فعظموا فيه الرب عز وجل وأما السجود فأكثروا فيه من الدعاء فقمن أن يستجاب لكم. رواه مسلم (ج 4، ص 196، رقم 479).
والله تعالى أعلم بالصواب
عبد الحكيم بن يعقوب
Read MoreLimiting the Tasbih and Salah ‘ala al-Nabi Because of Time Constraints
Question:
Assalamualaikum,
I want to know (1) whether is it ok to always read tasbih in ruku and sujud one time only during fard and also sunnah prayer? (2) And, at the last tashahud, is it ok to offer salam immediately after reciting salawat on Nabi sallallahu alaihi wassalam and his family (Allahumma salli ala Sayidina Muhammad wa ala ali Muhammad) whether in fard salah or sunnah salah? I always do the (1) above because I recite slowly in salah, and I do (2) with the reason to make the salah short due to time constraint in work place. Jazakallahu khair for your response.
Country: Singapore
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
The minimum number of tasbih’s is one. The least number requested for a perfect tasbih is three. (Tuhfat al-Muhtaj v. 1, p. 199) And it is permissible to end the prayer with taslim immediately after reciting prayers on the Prophet Muhammad and his family. (Ibid)
The time it takes to make three tasbih’s is very little, maybe like an extra twenty to twenty-four seconds. The reward that one will receive for perfecting the salah is worth taking the extra time. Thus, one should try to at least say it thrice. Perhaps, one could try to prepare for the salah before the time enters, by making wudu, etc., then more time can be spent in prayer.
And Allah knows best.
Answered by: Ml. Tariq Muhammad
Read MoreDoes the follower say the Tasmi' and Tahmid when coming up from Bowing?
Question: Does the follower in congregational Salah say both “Sami’ Allahu liman Hamidah and Rabbana wa lakal Hamd“? What about the Imam and what about the one praying by himself?
Answer:
Note: The tasmī’ is the saying of “Sami’ Allahu liman Ḥamidah سمع الله لمن حمده” and the Taḥmīd is the saying of “Rabbanā walakal Ḥamd or Rabbana Lakal Hamd ربنا ولك الحمد”.
A common mistake of Shāfi’īs in ṣalāh is that when they follow the Imām in congregational prayer, they do not say both the tasmī’ and the taḥmīd, but only say the taḥmīd. The mu’tamad (relied upon) view of the Shāfi’ī madhhab is that the follower, the Imām, and the one praying by her/himself is to say both the taḥmīd and the tasmī’.
Imām An-Nawawī says in his Majmū’:
“Ash-Shāfi’ī and his companions said, ‘The [ruling] of recommendation (mustahabb) for these remembrances (adhkār) are the same for Imām, the one following an Imam, and the one praying by himself. Every single person is to say both ‘Sami’ Allahu liman ḥamidah’ and ‘Rabbanā lakal ḥamd.’ There is no disagreement (khilāf) in our school regarding this matter.” [Vol. 3 page 391]
He says further down in the Majmū’,
“And we have already mentioned that one is to say at the time of rising [from bowing] ‘Sami’ Allahu liman ḥamidah’ and when he has stood straight up from rising he is to say ‘Rabbanā Lakal ḥamd until the end of the du’ā’’, and that it is mustaḥabb (recommended) that both of these remembrances are said in combination by the Imam, the one following an Imam, and the one praying by his/herself. Those who hold this view are ‘Aṭā’, Abū Burdah, Muḥammad ibn Sirīn, Isḥāq and Dāwūd.” [Vol. 3 page 393]
Ibn Naqīb Al-Masrī states in his ‘Umdat As-Sālik,
“The optimal way is to raise the hands and the head together, saying ‘Sami’ Allahu liman Ḥamidah – Allah hears whoever praises Him’. This is aid whether one is imam, follower, or praying alone. When one is standing upright, one says, ‘Rabbana lakal Ḥamdu mila`as – samawāti wal-Arḍi wa mila`a mā shi`ata min shay`in ba’du translated as ‘Our Lord, all praise is Yours, heavensful, earthful, and-whatever-else-You-will-full.”1
The Proofs for Our Madhhab’s View:
The hadith of Abū Hurayrah that the Prophet Muḥammad (ṣalla Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) would say ‘Sami’ Allāhu liman ḥamidah’ and then He would say, ‘Allahumma Rabbanā wa lakal-ḥamd’. [Sahīh Al-Bukhārī and Muslim]
From Hudhayfah that the Prophet Muhammad would say when raising his head from bowing: ‘Sami’ Allahu liman ḥamidah, Rabbanā lakal ḥamd’. [Sahīh Muslim]
Ibn Abi Awfā’ also narrated that the Prophet Muhammad would say both too. [Sahih Muslim in his Kitāb As-Ṣalah, Ibn Mājah in his Sunan, and Sunan Abū Dāwūd 846]
Imam ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (‘alayhis salām, Karam Allahu wajhuh) also reported that when Rasūlullah (‘alayhis salat wa salām) would raise his head from bowing he would say, ‘Sami’ Allāhu liman ḥamidah. Rabbanā wa lakal ḥamd […until the end of the du’ā’].” [Reported in Sunan At-Tirmidhī 266 who declared it Ḥasan Sahīh, Saḥīh Muslim in his chapter of the salah of a traveller, and in Musnad At-Tayālisī, At-Taḥqīq of Ibn Al-Jawzī #568, Al-Bayhaqi in his Ma’rifah, and Abū Dāwūd in his Sunan]
Imām An-Nawawī states, “And it is established in Sahīh Al-Bukhārī that the Prophet Muhammad said, “Pray as you have seen me pray!” This [hadith and the above hadith] necessitates that every person making Salah, combines between the two [remembrances]. And this is also because what is mentioned for the Imām [in the way of remembrance] as recommended is also recommended for others in their prayer, such as the tasbīḥ (saying Subḥān Allah) in the bowing position etc.” [Majmū’]
Another proof is reported by Imām Ad-Dāraquṭnī in his Sunan from Abū Hurayrah (raḍiya Allāhu ‘anhu) who said that the Prophet Muhammad said, “When the Imām says, ‘Sami’ Allahu liman ḥamidah’ those behind him should also say ‘Sami’ Allahu liman ḥamidah’.” (It is also reported by Ibn Al-Jawzī in his Taḥqīq. The editor of the Sunan Majdi ibn Mansūr states that this hadith is Saḥīḥ (rigorously authentic). However, Ad-Dāraquṭnī considered it less preserved than the hadith that states “Rabbanā lakal Ḥamd” in place of the second Sami’ Allahu liman ḥamidah.
Conclusion
One should note that this act is a recommended act, and that the disagreement of the Muslim Jurists (fuquha) regarding this issue is one based upon differing interpretations. Imam Ash-Shawkani states in his Nayl Al-Awtar that Imams Ath-Thawri, Al-Awza’i, and a report from Imam Malik maintain that the Imam and the one praying by himself are to say both the tasmi’ and the tahmid. However, the one following the Imam only says Rabbana wa lakal Hamd. He reports from the two Hanafi Imams, Abu Yusuf and Muhammad Ash-Shaybani that the Imam and one praying by himself say both, but the follower says “Sami’ Allahu liman Hamida” not the tahmid. Abu Hanifah, he says, held that the Imam and the one praying by himself should only say the tasmi’ and not the tahmid, whereas the follower only says the tahmid. Ibn Al-Mundhir also reported this view from Malik and Ahmad, and Ibn Al-Mundhir held this view for himself. [Vol 2 page 109 pub. Dar Al-Wafa'] Sunni Muslims have always held that each of the fiqh schools are correct within their own principles, and that disagreement in these issues are not to be frowned upon, but celebrated, as the early Muslims used to say: The [legal] disagreement of this nation is a Mercy!
The Shafi’i madhhab’s view is that the Imam, the one praying by himself, and the follower in congregation are to say both the tasmi’ and the tahmid in Salah due to the proofs presented above. Regarding other seemingly conflicting evidence, Hafidh Ibn Hajar Al-’Asqalani pointed out that the other ahadith do not explicitly negate the Shafi’i view. Therefore, by reconciling [jam’], both the imam and the follower are to say both. (Fath al-Bari 2/229)
We ask Allah to bless our beloved Master Muhammad, his followers, and the fuquha’ who strove for truth Amin! And Allah, the mighty and majestic, always knows best!
Compiled by: Abu Layth
Checked by: Ml Yaqub Abdurrahman
- translation by Shaykh Nuh Ha Mim Keller with slight editing by us [↩]
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